Ecological patterns of fish distribution in the Slave River Delta region,Northwest Territories,Canada, as relayed by traditional knowledge and Western science

Indigenous community members along the Slave River in Canada have voiced their concerns for the health of ecosystems under pressure from resource extraction, hydroelectric development and global climate change. We present a test case of traditional knowledge and scientific results about the spawning and migration patterns of fish in the Slave River and Delta. This dual knowledge system approach elucidates the broader connectivity of local study regions and can improve monitoring programmes by extending beyond the usual context/confines of the present or recent past, increasing the spatial and temporal range of system information.     

水电工程下泄生态基流常用计算方法及软件开发

为了分析及确立生态基流,为水电工程环境影响评价提供依据,针对水电工程生态基流估算及决策过程繁复等问题,以2001—2015年水电工程环境影响评价及相关法律法规为基础,分析我国生态基流管理实践中使用最广泛的4种计算方法,即Tennant法、月基本流量法、最小流量法及7Q10法,并编制生态基流决策支持软件,并应用软件在汉江流域进行实例验证。结果表明,该软件能够提供多种计算方法及对比分析功能,可为水电工程下泄生态基流计算及决策提供计算平台。4种计算方法在汉江流域计算结果差异较大。总体而言,干流适合最小流量法及Tennant法,支流适合Tennant法。研究成果具有较大的实际应用和推广价值。     

Ten complementary measures to assist with environmental watering programs in the Murray–Darling river system,Australia

Restoration programmes for degraded aquatic ecosystems frequently focus on flow restoration or reinstatement, including recovery targets for volumes of water to be used for environmental benefit. Australia's Murray–Darling Basin is an example of a major system undergoing substantial water reform to balance the needs of competing users, including the environment, within the constraints of an arid climate. This reform revolves around accounting for finite volumes of water that have been shared amongst water users. We argue that while recovering water will provide good outcomes, as a sole intervention, it is not enough to deliver the desired environmental benefits of the reform given the significantly altered state of the catchment. Here, we present 10 measures that could be used to complement planned water recovery actions. These “complementary measures” integrate recovery actions, which when strategically combined with water delivery would significantly enhance water reform efforts to generate environmental outcomes in a highly modified system.     

Empirical examination of critical failure factors of continuous improvement deployments: stage-wise results and a contingency theory perspective

Organisations implement various Continuous Improvement (CI) practices such as Total Quality Management, Lean, Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma (LSS) for improving their processes. Drawing from the success and failure stories of these structured CI practices, scholars enumerated Critical Success Factors and Critical Failure Factors (CFFs). This study empirically examines the occurrence of various CFFs across different stages of CI deployment. Further, from a contingency theoretic perspective, this study investigates their associations with contextual variables by collecting survey data from 213 business units from the USA, the UK, China, and India. Principal Component Analysis is used to group CFFs across five CI deployment stages leading to an empirically refined framework for CI. Crosstab analysis using the chi-square likelihood ratio presented associations of CFFs with contextual variables. Findings reveal significant differences in the occurrence of CFFs across countries. There is evidence that LSS is less prone to failures when compared with TQM, Lean and Six Sigma. The occurrence of CFFs has been relatively lower in smaller and medium-sized enterprises operating in the service sector. Findings also reveal that lessons learned from each CI deployment cycle, contribute to organisational learning, and thence, leading to success at the strategic CI level of maturity.     

Is open innovation always the best for SMEs? An exploratory analysis at the project level

Open innovation (OI) projects are increasingly adopted by small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Yet, undertaking OI is not only a source of opportunities for SMEs as it can, at the same time, present risks. How SMEs manage the balance between the potential benefits and the emerging challenges of OI is still an overlooked topic in the literature. Using evidence gathered through multiple case studies and drawing upon the relational view of the firm, we explore how and why value creation opportunities and different managerial challenges emerge for SMEs pursuing OI projects. We analyze different stages of OI projects in several different contexts of their implementation. Our analysis sheds light on the different nature and dynamics of knowledge involved within OI projects as important boundary conditions affecting successful search paths, learning processes, and the development of appropriability mechanisms. By offering a contextualized view of OI in SMEs, this study also provides insights to business managers on the situational opportunities and constraints of OI, including managerial suggestions on actions to manage tensions within differing OI projects.     

飞机机械成品试验信息管理系统设计与应用

分析了航空企业飞机机械成品试验的现状,结合企业信息化管理的发展趋势,对飞机机械成品试验的流程进行梳理,基于ASP.NET技术研究开发了某企业飞机机械成品试验数据收集及信息管理系统,以实现飞机机械成品试验的流程化、数字化及显性化管理,避免因试验台管理不善造成的质量问题,实时掌握试验台状态,促进形成自主管理模式。     

Effects of risks on the performance of business process outsourcing projects: The moderating roles of knowledge management capabilities

Although business process outsourcing (BPO) can reduce cost and enhance the competitiveness of firms, the implementation of BPO projects is unsatisfactory. By integrating knowledge management capability theory and risk-based view, we develop a model of how different types of BPO risks affect project satisfaction and how knowledge management capability changes the influences of BPO risks. A survey of 121 BPO projects was conducted among BPO client department manager and project manager through a pairwise design. Empirical evidence reveals that social system, technical system, and project management risks negatively affect BPO project satisfaction. However, cultural, technological, and structural levels of knowledge management capabilities weaken the negative risk effects of social system, technical system, and project management, respectively. Different types of risks and knowledge management capabilities should be matched to achieve effective risk management.     

煤矿科室工作信息管理系统设计

为了提高了煤矿工作者的工作效率和矿井安全程度，设计了煤矿科室工作信息管理系统，分析了系统的关键技术，主要为J2EE技术和B/S和C/S的体系结构；根据现场调研，对系统需求进行了分析，然后设计了系统总体架构和系统功能模块。煤矿科室工作信息管理系统的应用，减少了人力资源的浪费，确保了信息的保存和查询的安全性。     

白象山铁矿精细化成本管控体系的构建及应用

铁矿是一种重要的矿物资源，其价格主要由市场决定。因此，在价格一定的条件下，铁矿企业要想进一步提高经济效益，提高市场竞争力，主要通过降低成本的途径来实现。以白象山铁矿为例，为实现白象山铁矿原矿成本控制，主要从技术创新和生产管理出发，通过采用防治水技术优化、采用安全高效采矿工艺、分级支护、大数据精准充填、自动化技术攻关、生产管理降本、财务收支管理降本、技术管理降本、增加零星工程自营等多种方法来降低成本。精细化成本管控体系不仅为该矿创造了巨大的经济效益，而且可为其他类似条件的矿山提供借鉴。     

Tailoring cotton fabric with wettability gradient and anisotropic penetration of liquid by spray coating

Abstract

Comfort has been one of the most important features of clothing, particularly for sportswear, which requires an effective transport of heat and moisture from the inner to the outer side of clothing. We herein report the use of a simple technique of spray coating and commercially available water repellents for a one-sided hydrophobic and self-initiated one-way water transport cotton fabric. The highlight of this work is the simplicity of the process and choice of chemicals that can be adopted easily by any textile finishing industry. On this fabric, water was able to diffuse and penetrate the fabric structure in one direction from the hydrophobic to the hydrophilic side but was unable to go the opposite direction. The directional transport improved with smaller droplets and lower add-on achievable by higher air pressure and longer distance of spray coating. From moisture management tests, the best result was obtained with the spray coating of Phobol NB-NH at an air pressure of 3.0?kgf/cm² and a distance of 120?cm. Phobol NB-NH gave better result of transport and overall comfort properties than Phobotex RSY.